What are the commonly used nucleic acid extraction and purification methods in in-vitro diagnosis?
In-vitro diagnosis refers to products and services that obtain clinical diagnostic information by testing human samples (blood, body fluids, tissues, etc.) outside the human body to determine diseases or body functions.
One of the key steps in the detection of human samples is the purification of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in the sample. The method of nucleic acid purification is an important factor affecting the quality of the extracted nucleic acid, and only high-quality nucleic acid can meet various downstream applications.
Nucleic acid is the basis of molecular biology, and nucleic acid extraction is a threshold for nucleic acid detection, and even the entire molecular industry cannot bypass the threshold. In many cases, the quality of nucleic acid extraction from a sample directly determines the validity of the test results.
Basic knowledge of nucleic acid
Nucleic acid is divided into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), among which RNA can be divided into ribosomal RNA (r RNA), messenger RNA (m RNA) and transfer RNA (t RNA) according to different functions.
DNA is mainly concentrated in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts, while RNA is mainly distributed in the cytoplasm.
Why is nucleic acid extraction needed
Nucleic acid extraction provides answers to a large number of extensive research and applications, and the obtained nucleic acid can be used in a variety of ways. The exact research purpose determines the type of nucleic acid to be extracted; the application of nucleic acid often affects the choice of extraction method. In order to determine the best research method, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the downstream applications of nucleic acids and any potential limitations related to the type of sample. Although the method of cell lysis is different depending on the sample type, the core principle of the overall nucleic acid extraction remains the same: cell or tissue samples are lysed to remove non-nucleic acid contaminants.
Principles and requirements of nucleic acid extraction and purification
1. Ensure the integrity of the primary structure of nucleic acid;
2. Eliminate pollution from other molecules (such as eliminating RNA interference when extracting DNA);
3. There are no organic solvents and excessively high concentrations of metal ions that can inhibit enzymes in nucleic acid samples;
4. The pollution of other biological macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipid molecules should be minimized;
5. Eliminate the contamination of other nucleic acid molecules, such as removing RNA when extracting DNA molecules, and vice versa.
Nucleic acid scavengers can effectively remove residual nucleic acid contamination in laboratories or instruments and reduce problems in experimental results
Product Features:
l Suitable for daily cleaning and emergency treatment after nucleic acid contamination in PCR laboratory.
l Effectively remove nucleic acid aerosol contamination.
l Effectively remove DNA and RNA contamination in the environment and prevent false amplification.
l Used for daily cleaning of clean benches, and pipettes in the laboratory.
l Safe and non-toxic;
l It is sprayed onto the object surface when use;
l Easy to use and has a high removal rate.
l Good stability, can be stored at room temperature for 12 months.
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